Electromagnetic Theory

Electromagnetic theory is a special branch of physics that deal with the basic principles of electromagnetism. The principles are electrostatics, experimental basis, magnetic fields of steady currents, motional and electromagnetic induction. This subject is being taught in an elaborate way in the first year of engineering to provide the basic understanding of electromagnetic mechanisms to the students.

In a nutshell, Electromagnetic Theory is an essential division of Physics which involves the study and research of magnetic forces which is actually physical interactivity that happens between electrically charged particles. This is a graduate level subject that is explained and elaborate with the help of precise mathematical formulas that focuses on physical phenomena and principles.

This branch of Physics consists of a few significant chapters that provide an elaborate idea about what electromagnetic theory is its explanation uses and researchers. The chapters are followed by a simple description here with its basic fundamental idea.

1.Vector analysis

Vector analysis is one of the divisions of mathematics. It constitutes differentiation and integration of vector fields, mainly in three-dimensional Euclidean space.  Vector analysis is utilized significantly in the fields of physics and engineering, specifically in the studies of electromagnetic fields, gravitational fields, and fluid flow.

2.Coulomb’s Law and Electric Field Intensity

In the subject of electromagnetic theories, the Coulomb's law defines the extension and intensity of electric energy within two individual charged vertices which is equivalent to the extent of the charges and is inversely equipment to the space between the vertices.

3.Electric Flux Density

Electric flux density is actually a calculative value of the power of an electric field which is produced by a free electric charge, commensurable to the amount of electric lines of forces passing by a particular region.

4.Gauss’s Law and Divergence

 Gauss's theorem or Ostrogradsky's theorem, it is a result that connects the flow (flux) of a tensor field through a course of surface, to the action of the tensor field within the surface. According to the divergence theory, an outward flux of a tensor field while it passes through an enclosed surface area becomes equal to the fundamental volume of the divergence over the section within the surface.

5.Energy and Potential

Potential energy can be defined as the extent of doing work, which will eventually arise from position or configuration. Potential energy can arise from any accumulations of charges if an electric force or any other type of charge is exerted within the electrical compartment.

6.Conductors and Dielectrics

Conductors are substances which contains free charge carriers, the examples of conducting metals are mercury, gold, copper, aluminum, silver and a few more. The substances that do not have any electric charge carriers are called Dielectrics. The dielectric's molecules/atoms are neutral, and the examples are air, mica, rubber, wood, plastic etc. 

7.Capacitance

Capacitance is explained as the ratio of the modification in an electric charge inside a system to the interrelated change in its electric potential.

8.Steady Magnetic Field

A steady magnetic field is produced by steady currents,  it may be a permanent magnet, a direct current or an electric field which changes accordingly.

9.Magnetic Forces

In the study of Electromagnetic theory, the processes of attraction and abhorrence that emerge within electrically charged particles due to motion is called Magnetic force. The action of an electric motor is an example of the magnetic force. The magnetic force is a repercussion of the electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature.

10.Materials and Inductance

Inductors are a collection of a coil of conducting material, insulated copper wire wrapped on the core of either plastic (to create an air-core inductor) or ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) material; ferromagnet is known as "iron core" inductor.

11.Time-Varying Fields and Maxwell’s Equations

Maxwell's equations envision that static electric fields (a field that does not change with time) are assembled by charges. Charges are origins and sinks of force field lines and Static electric field lines that begin on positive and ends on the negative charges.

12.Uniform Plane Wave

The uniform plane wave is explained as the value of the electric and magnetic fields. They are similar at every point in the direction of propagation.

13.Plane Wave Reflection and Dispersion

Plane-wave reflection is 2-dimensional grids formed by Ω-shaped conducting particles related by their arms, and dispersion characteristics of an infinite set of such grids are studied.

14.Guided Waves

Guided wave testing (GWT) is a fortuitous transformation method. This procedure employs acoustic waves that generate along an elongated build-up while leading by its boundaries. This enables the waves to go through a huge distance with extremely minimal loss in energy.

15.Electromagnetic Radiation and Antennas

Electromagnetic waves are similar kind of radiation as light, ultra-violet, and infrared rays, the only difference here is the wavelength and frequency. These waves are consists of electric and magnetic integrants that are inextricable. Radio signals are also a type of electromagnetic wave because radio signals travel in this way, they have a prime stance on RF antennas and RF antenna design.

16.Transmission Lines

A transmission line, in electromagnetic theory, is a specific cable or other formation made to conduct interchanging current of radio frequency, which frequency is actually accurately high that their wave nature is also noted.

APPLIED MATHEMATICS – I

As the name suggests, Applied mathematics is the branch of mathematics which deals with the application of mathematics to solve problems which arise in various areas such as, science, engineering or other diverse areas, and/or the development of new or improved methods to meet the challenges of new everyday problems.

Unlike, the traditional branches of mathematics such as, algebra, real analysis etc. which deal with conceptual aspects of mathematics Applied mathematics is concentrated on real-world problems with the dual goal of explaining observed phenomena and predicting new, as yet unobserved, phenomena.

Applied Mathematics will help one understand the concepts of complex numbers, successive differentiation, partial differentiation etc.

Ekeeda offers great online courses for budding mathematicians. Our course structure is comprehensive and following are the chapters of our Applied Mathematics 1 course –

1.      Complex numbers-

One learns the elementary concepts of real numbers and complex numbers. The concept of the one-dimensional number line is extended to the two-dimensional complex plane. One learns about complex numbers as ordered pairs, geometrical representation of complex numbers, curves and regions in complex planes, Extended complex plane, stereographic projections, complex-valued functions etc.

2. The logarithm of complex numbers -

The branch of mathematics which deals with the study of non-zero complex numbers as logarithmic functions. One also learns about

Complex numbers have applications in several scientific sectors like signal processing, control theory, electromagnetism, fluid dynamics, quantum mechanics, cartography, and vibration analysis.

3. Successive differentiation –

This chapter will enable us to differentiate a given function successively n times and the results of such differentiation are called successive derivatives. One also learns “The Leibnitz theorem” and the rules followed while doing successive differentiation. The higher order differential coefficients hold a lot of importance in scientific and engineering applications.

4. Matrices –

This chapter focuses on using matrices for plotting graphs, statistics, seismic surveys and in representing data's like the population of people, infant mortality rate, etc

5. Partial differentiation and its applications –

This unit will help one understand what partial differentiation is, how to do partial differentiation of a function(s), rules followed while doing partial differentiation of a function(s) and the need of partial differentiation. One also learns to form partial differential equations and find their solutions. Partial derivatives are used in vector calculus and differential geometry.

6. Expansion of functions –

Representing a particular function as a sum of powers in one of its variables, or by a sum of powers of another function is called Expansion of that function. This chapter deals with the expansion of functions using various series (Taylor series, Maclaurin series etc.) expansion.

7. Indeterminate forms –

This unit will enable the learner to understand tricky situations when the ratio of two functions tends to zero and an indeterminate form is created. One learns to apply L’Hospital’s rule in finding limits of indeterminate functions.

8. Numerical Solutions of Transcendental Equations –

One learns about transcendental functions (i.e., functions which are not algebraic) and about methods of solving transcendental functions.

9. The system of Linear Equations –

One learns to formulate linear equations, a solution of linear equations(using substitution method etc.) and representation of linear equations on the positive and negative X, Y axes(Euclidean plane) etc.

The industry veterans were the mind behind creating these amazing and detailed chapters on Applied Mathematics-I. For further details or queries, you can reach out to us anytime.

The outcome of the course EKeeda provides a comprehensive online learning resource for mathematics enthusiasts and our online course ensures a perfect learning environment for the individual. All the concepts are backed by good examples that will help you to learn the most complex theory in the simplest way possible. Develop a knack towards online learning and enjoy reading the chapters at the comfort of your home.

So, Stay foolish! Keep growing!

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IS ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EASY OR TOUGH?

INTRODUCTION:-

Engineering is one of the unique areas of expertise which needs the combination of technical knowledge and analytical ability. Electrical and Electronicsengineering is the diverse branch of engineering which deals with electrical systems like motors, electronic circuits, power supply, medical equipment and many more! In a single line, it is the study of electricity and its behavior. The branch is also concerned with the design and manufacturing of electrical devices. Some major subjects in Electrical and Electronics engineering are:-

●      Power Electronics

●      Analog circuits

●      Digital circuits

●      Electrical machines

●      Telecommunications

●      Instrumentation

●      Electromagnetic theory

●      Signal processing

●      Control systems

●      Alternating & Direct Currents

●      Microprocessors

●      Signals & systems

●      Network analysis

HOW TO BECOME AN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEER?

There is no doubt in the fact that this field has an enormous number of opportunities. Be it a job or research, there is limitless scope in it. But to become one, one needs commitment, dedication and hard work. The course of B.Tech in Electrical and Electronics engineering has tenure of four years. A candidate with 10+2 or 12^th standard or equivalent can appear from engineering entrance examinations like JEE Main & Advanced to try for admissions into prestigious colleges like IITs, NITs & IIITs. Apart from them, there are state government-funded colleges and good private institutions in India to study Electrical and Electronics engineering. Apart from IITs and NITs, some best colleges in our country to pursue this course are:-

●      Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani

●      Jadavpur University, Kolkata

●      Amity University

●      Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore

●      Lovely Professional University, Punjab

●      Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology, New Delhi

●      National Institute of Technology, Mysore

●      Anna University, Chennai

Getting a Bachelor’s degree is not sufficient! It is always good to pursue an online certification course to enhance your skill and make your profile look better. Students should focus more on software related to Electrical and Electronics engineering like SCADA, Energy economics, Control systems, MATLAB, Electrical CADD, PLC, Internet of Things, Industrial networking etc.

WHAT IS THE TOUGHNESS OF THIS BRANCH?

Everything becomes tough when you are not interested and everything becomes so easy when you are passionate! Of course, Electrical and Electronics engineering is the toughest part as it is linked with other branches of engineering like Mechanical and Computer Sciences. But once you are done with the course, there is a wide range of opportunities in front of you. People say that this field requires in-depth knowledge and skill in Mathematics. But I would say, you initially won’t go for engineering when you are not good at Math! So, the toughness of anything depends on one’s perspective.

One of the reasons of students feeling this branch tougher is the lesser availability of sources of information and facts. Classroom knowledge is necessary but it alone can’t help you eventually. As I already mentioned above, courses need to be done on websites like Ekeeda, EdX, Coursera, Udacity etc. Also, an internship experience during your B.Tech will make you study the subject keenly.

Toughness is independent of the area of expertise and is purely dependent on your perception and attitude! If you have the thirst for learning and a willing heart, Electrical and Electronics becomes the easiest branch of engineering for you!

BEST JOB OPPORTUNITIES AFTER AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING!

INTRODUCTION:-

Who doesn't need an automobile in this era?! In fact, the demand & necessity of automobiles is increasing day-by-day. The days of Bullock carts and Tongas are gone. Presently, two-wheeler, four-wheeler, six-wheeler & eight-wheeled vehicles are trending like anything. Be it for commercial purpose or personal use, people are using automobiles in every feasible way. How these automatically motored vehicles came into existence? Automobile engineers made it possible!

Automobile or Automotive engineering is a sub-branch of Mechanical engineering which is concerned with design, manufacturing, assembly & repair of automobiles by applying refined technologies. The branch is interlinked with other engineering areas like Marine & Aeronautical.

Some of the critical subjects in Automobile engineering are as follows:-

·       Computer Aided Design (CAD) & Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

·       Mechanics of Solids

·       Fluid mechanics

·       Vehicle performance & testing

·       Manufacturing processes

·       Operations Research

·       Supply Chain & Industrial Management

HOW TO BECOME AN AUTOMOBILE ENGINEER?

Candidates with 10+2 or 12^th standard or equivalent and with minimum qualifying scores in Chemistry, Mathematics & Physics are eligible to appear for national wide engineering entrance examinations. It’s not compulsory to study Automobile engineering only, but one can pursue Marine or Aerospace or Mechanical engineering to become an automobile engineer. Some best colleges in India to study Automobile engineering are:-

·       National Institute of Engineering, Mysore

·       Delhi College of Engineering

·       Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani

·       Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore

·       Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Mumbai

·       Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology, New Delhi

·       Anna University, Chennai

There is another great option as well! If you get an exceptionally good rank in JEE Advanced, you can easily get admission in IIT Chennai which offers Dual degree (B.Tech+M.Tech) of five-year duration in automotive design. Automobile design is nothing but a part of automobile engineering. The former is a specific area where one works on aspects related to designing of the vehicle while the latter deals with testing, designing, manufacturing & quality assurance.

Apart from academics, it is good for doing online courses in automobile engineering on software like CATIA, AutoCAD, ProE, Ansys, and Solid Works etc. Also, be active in taking part in technical teams in the college and workshops. Students get a clear picture of automotive systems like Engines, Chassis, Vehicle technology and Dynamics etc.

SCOPE OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING IN INDIA:-

Due to the huge population, the high requirement of transport has been seen in India over many years. According to statistics, India is the 7^th biggest country in vehicle manufacturing. The automobile sector is one of the fastest growing fields at present. Automobile engineers get to work with Public sector units, private multinational companies & transport organizations. Some best companies to work for are:-

·       Hero Moto Corp

·       Yamaha

·       Audi

·       Mercedes Benz

·       Maruti Suzuki

·       Tata Group

·       Mahindra

·       Hyundai

·       TVS

·       Bajaj

·       Volkswagen

And many more! A fresher can expect his/her initial salary ranging from 30k-50k per month. However, the main factor which affects your salary is your college brand! Actually, there is nothing to worry. Due to a tremendous hike in the consumer base, the demand curve of Automobile engineering is always upwards!

5 steps to pass Ambedkar University exam

Ambedkar University courses in Delhi offers admission to students in various UG, RS, and PG programmes, it is a public university in Delhi with programmes in the social sciences and humanities’ field. It is in fact the only university in the entire region which offers exclusive study of Humanities and Social sciences. It promotes learning through new and innovative teaching methodologies. Ambedkar University believes in promotion of equity and social justice through education. It is well known for its young and dynamic faculty.

Ambedkar University is among the top rated open universities offering online courses. Ambedkaruniversity online courses which are internationally recognised and opens the doors to an outstanding future for the students.

Ambedkar University conducts exams after every semester. It is usually held in August to September or November to December.

The 5 simple ways you can adopt to ace the Ambedkar University Exam with ease are:

1.      Set enough time to study

Do not wait till the last few nights to buck up and study for the upcoming exams. Last minute cramming does not help. It is not the way to ace an exam successfully. Organise your study timetable well and study with enough time in hand. It is recommended to study at least 3 months in advance to master the concepts. Know the Ambedkar University syllabus well for your course of study and try to cover every aspect of it by drawing up a study timetable.

2.      Use flowcharts and diagrams

Visual aids can be helpful when you revise the study materials. Get your concepts right, with the help of visual aids like diagrams and flowcharts. It is scientifically proven to be the most effective way to grasp concepts.

3.      Study groups

Get together with your friends for a study session. It is effective to study in a group and tackle difficult portions of the syllabus. Discussion with each other, and explanation of the concepts to each other pertains to better retention of facts.

4.      Do not blindly memorise

Do not blindly go on memorising notes. It is important to understand the concepts well so that you can understand the subject clearly, and write the answers in the exams with understanding. Blind memorisation of facts can be forgotten easily in a short span of time hence it recommended to understand the topic well before attempting the university exams.

5.      Solve past papers

Get hold of your the past Ambedkar University question paper pertaining to your course of study. Take the last 10 years question papers preferably, and solve them to develop efficiency in solving the question papers and develop time management skills.

6.      Snack on food which are good for your brain

Keep your body well fuelled with nutritious foods. Food items such as fish, nuts, seeds, yoghurt, and blueberries are said to be nutritious and aids in concentration and memory. On the day of the exam avoid heavy meals, and too much sugar content. Sugar may seem appealing to you but the energy levels crash after an hour. Stay hydrated by consuming enough fluids to keep healthy.

Love them or hate them? Exams are an essential part of all universities. These effective techniques will surely help you reach your goals and ace the exam.

Are you smart enough to pass Rajasthan Technical University exam?

Rajasthan Technical University is located in the city of Kota in the state of Rajasthan. It is known as RTU in short. The Rajasthan Government had established this university in the year 2006. It main purpose was to enhance the technical education in the state. It is established in the campus of University of Engineering. The aim is to provide quality technical education which will help Rajasthan in its technical development. It will also boost the technical environment in the country. It provides education in Engineering courses, M.Tech, Computer applications, Hotel Management and Catering Technology. It is making a progress in developing and providing the best technical environment for education and will serve the nation in coming years. The students under this university needs to be smart and knowledgeable in order to pass the RTU exams. RTU helps the students in exam preparation. The steps which the students need to follow in order to pass the successfully are given below. By following these steps they can smartly score well without working very hard.

·         Planning: This is the first step of studying smartly. Before students dive into the books, they should find out the RTU syllabus. It is easily available on www.rtu.ac.in . They should go through the syllabus properly. They should plan out what to study and when. After this they are supposed to get hold of books for each of the subject which is available in the syllabus. They can take help of the university teachers and take their suggestions for books. The books are available in the library or can be downloaded easily from internet.

·         Organise the notes visually: Firstly before this step students mainly need to make notes and formula sheet for each subject. This will help in not mixing up things. Then the students should re-write the key points or subjects as a diagram using flow charts, mind maps, colour coding of key elements. Then before the exams students can just give a quick glance to it.

·         Get together with a study group: All the friends should plan of studying together. They can sit in a group, share ideas and can even test each other. Each of the student might get some new perspective on some topics. This will help them to work-out in a better way to approach an assignment. Online groups can work for this too.

·         Explaining things to others: This is way in which students can get things clearly. Try to explain your answers to someone. This will ensure student’s understanding better.

·         Stay Positive: It ultimately comes down to attitude. It totally depends how the student’s attitude is. They need to enthusiastic about each subject. They should have an interest for learning new things. They should keep reminding themselves that they can succeed in life. They should not worry about the hurdles.

·         Using the internet smartly: Students have a great access to internet. They should make use of it. They can use internet for concept clearing purpose, watching videos on you tube to know more about the subjects and to try new experiments, reading blog and websites like Ekeeda, taking online coaching etc. They should also download the past 10 years question papers from RTU website. Then students should try solving those papers. They should make a note of the questions getting repeated. Those questions have a greater chances of coming again in the upcoming exams.

·         Trust your Instincts: Students should not take too much of pressure. They should first answer those questions which they know properly and then try the others. They should avoid guess work. All they need is to stay calm and confident.